--
-- bytea conversion.  A bytea is a raw byte string, so it reaches Ruby as a
-- binary (ASCII-8BIT) String holding its exact bytes -- NUL-safe -- rather than
-- as its hex text.  Returning a Ruby String into a bytea takes the string's
-- raw bytes verbatim (any encoding), with no hex/escape parsing.
--
SET bytea_output = 'hex';

-- A bytea argument is a binary String; its bytes match the input exactly.
CREATE FUNCTION b_form(bytea) RETURNS text LANGUAGE plruby AS $$
    "#{args[0].class}:#{args[0].encoding}:#{args[0].bytesize}"
$$;
SELECT b_form('\xdeadbeef'::bytea);
SELECT b_form('\x00ff01fe'::bytea);           -- NUL and high bytes preserved
SELECT b_form('\x'::bytea);                    -- empty

-- The bytes are the raw content, so encode() of the echoed value round-trips.
CREATE FUNCTION b_echo(bytea) RETURNS bytea LANGUAGE plruby AS $$
    args[0]
$$;
SELECT encode(b_echo('\x00ff01fe'::bytea), 'hex');

-- The function can inspect and transform the raw bytes.
CREATE FUNCTION b_first_byte(bytea) RETURNS int LANGUAGE plruby AS $$
    args[0].bytes[0]
$$;
SELECT b_first_byte('\x41ff00'::bytea);        -- 65

-- Building a bytea from raw Ruby bytes.
CREATE FUNCTION b_make() RETURNS bytea LANGUAGE plruby AS $$
    [0, 255, 16, 32].pack('C*')
$$;
SELECT encode(b_make(), 'hex');

-- A Ruby String with embedded NULs becomes those exact bytes.
CREATE FUNCTION b_nul() RETURNS bytea LANGUAGE plruby AS $$
    "a\x00b".b
$$;
SELECT encode(b_nul(), 'hex');

-- The empty bytea.
CREATE FUNCTION b_empty() RETURNS bytea LANGUAGE plruby AS $$
    "".b
$$;
SELECT encode(b_empty(), 'hex');

-- bytea inside a composite: the field is a binary String too.
CREATE TYPE b_rec AS (tag text, blob bytea);
CREATE FUNCTION b_rec_in(b_rec) RETURNS int LANGUAGE plruby AS $$
    args[0]['blob'].bytesize
$$;
SELECT b_rec_in(ROW('x', '\x00ff01fe')::b_rec);   -- 4

CREATE FUNCTION b_rec_out() RETURNS b_rec LANGUAGE plruby AS $$
    {'tag' => 'y', 'blob' => [1, 2, 3].pack('C*')}
$$;
SELECT (b_rec_out()).tag, encode((b_rec_out()).blob, 'hex');

-- bytea read back through SPI is also a binary String.
CREATE FUNCTION b_via_spi() RETURNS int LANGUAGE plruby AS $$
    r = spi_exec("SELECT '\\x00ff01fe'::bytea AS b")
    spi_fetch_row(r)['b'].bytesize
$$;
SELECT b_via_spi();          -- 4

-- bytea[] arguments arrive as an Array of binary Strings, and a returned
-- Array of binary Strings becomes a bytea[].
CREATE FUNCTION b_arr_in(bytea[]) RETURNS int LANGUAGE plruby AS $$
    args[0].map(&:bytesize).inject(0, :+)
$$;
SELECT b_arr_in(ARRAY['\x0000'::bytea, '\xffffff'::bytea]);   -- 5

CREATE FUNCTION b_arr_out() RETURNS bytea[] LANGUAGE plruby AS $$
    [[0, 255].pack('C*'), [16].pack('C*')]
$$;
SELECT encode((b_arr_out())[1], 'hex'), encode((b_arr_out())[2], 'hex');