---
title: Configure your Environment
description: Configure your environment for querying ParadeDB
canonical: https://docs.paradedb.com/documentation/getting-started/environment
---

This guide will walk you through setting up your environment to run queries against ParadeDB. Choose your preferred tool below:

<Accordion title="SQL">

ParadeDB comes with a helpful procedure that creates a table populated with mock data to help
you get started. Run the following command to create this table.

```sql
CALL paradedb.create_bm25_test_table(
  schema_name => 'public',
  table_name => 'mock_items'
);
```

Then, inspect the first 3 rows:

```sql
SELECT description, rating, category
FROM mock_items
LIMIT 3;
```

```ini Expected Response
       description        | rating |  category
--------------------------+--------+-------------
 Ergonomic metal keyboard |      4 | Electronics
 Plastic Keyboard         |      4 | Electronics
 Sleek running shoes      |      5 | Footwear
(3 rows)
```

Next, let's create a BM25 index called `search_idx` on this table. A BM25 index is a covering index, which means that multiple columns can be included in the same index.

```sql
CREATE INDEX search_idx ON mock_items
USING bm25 (id, description, category, rating, in_stock, created_at, metadata, weight_range)
WITH (key_field='id');
```

<Note>
  As a general rule of thumb, any columns that you want to filter, `GROUP BY`,
  `ORDER BY`, or aggregate as part of a full text query should be added to the
  index for faster performance.
</Note>

<Note>
  Note the mandatory `key_field` option. See [choosing a key
  field](/documentation/indexing/create-index#choosing-a-key-field) for more
  details.
</Note>

You're all set! Try [running some queries](/documentation/getting-started/queries).

</Accordion>

<Accordion title="Drizzle (JavaScript)">
To get started, create a TypeScript project with [Drizzle](https://orm.drizzle.team/), [postgres.js](https://github.com/porsager/postgres), and [@paradedb/drizzle-paradedb](https://www.npmjs.com/package/@paradedb/drizzle-paradedb) installed.

```bash
npm init -y
npm pkg set type=module
npm install drizzle-orm@1.0.0-rc.2 drizzle-kit@1.0.0-rc.2 postgres @paradedb/drizzle-paradedb@0.1.0 tsx
```

Create a `db.ts` file with your database connection and a schema for ParadeDB's built-in test table:

```ts db.ts
import { indexing } from "@paradedb/drizzle-paradedb";
import { drizzle } from "drizzle-orm/postgres-js";
import postgres from "postgres";
import {
  boolean,
  customType,
  date,
  integer,
  jsonb,
  pgTable,
  serial,
  text,
  time,
  timestamp,
  varchar,
} from "drizzle-orm/pg-core";

export const client = postgres(
  "postgres://myuser:mypassword@localhost:5432/mydatabase",
);
export const db = drizzle({ client });

export const mockItems = pgTable(
  "mock_items",
  {
    id: serial("id").primaryKey(),
    description: text("description"),
    rating: integer("rating"),
    category: varchar("category", { length: 255 }),
    inStock: boolean("in_stock"),
    metadata: jsonb("metadata"),
    createdAt: timestamp("created_at"),
    lastUpdatedDate: date("last_updated_date"),
    latestAvailableTime: time("latest_available_time"),
    weightRange: customType<{ data: string }>({
      dataType: () => "int4range",
    })("weight_range"),
  },
  (table) => [
    indexing
      .bm25Index("search_idx")
      .on(
        table.id,
        table.description,
        table.category,
        table.rating,
        table.inStock,
        table.metadata,
        table.createdAt,
        table.lastUpdatedDate,
        table.latestAvailableTime,
        table.weightRange,
      ),
  ],
);
```

<Note>
  As a general rule of thumb, any columns that you want to filter, `GROUP BY`,
  `ORDER BY`, or aggregate as part of a full text query should be added to the
  index for faster performance.
</Note>

<Note>
  Note the mandatory `key_field` option. See [choosing a key
  field](/documentation/indexing/create-index#choosing-a-key-field) for more
  details.
</Note>

Create a Drizzle Kit configuration that points at the same database:

```ts drizzle.config.ts
import { defineConfig } from "drizzle-kit";

export default defineConfig({
  schema: "./db.ts",
  dialect: "postgresql",
  // Keep Drizzle Kit focused on `public.mock_items` so it
  // doesn't try to modify tables from preinstalled extensions.
  schemaFilter: ["public"],
  tablesFilter: ["mock_items"],
  dbCredentials: {
    url: "postgres://myuser:mypassword@localhost:5432/mydatabase",
  },
});
```

Open a TypeScript REPL:

```bash
node --import tsx
```

Import your database connection, schema, and any helpers used by the setup and query snippets. The Node REPL does not support static `import` statements, so use dynamic imports here:

```ts
const { client, db, mockItems } = await import("./db.ts");
const { and, desc, gt, sql } = await import("drizzle-orm");
const { search } = await import("@paradedb/drizzle-paradedb");
```

Create and populate `mock_items`:

```ts
await db.execute(sql`
  CALL paradedb.create_bm25_test_table(
    schema_name => 'public',
    table_name => 'mock_items'
  )
`);
```

Now, in a separate terminal, push the Drizzle schema to create the BM25 index:

```bash
npx drizzle-kit push
```

To paste a formatted query snippet, enter editor mode:

```text
.editor
```

Paste the query body without its `import` lines. The helpers from those imports are already available from the dynamic imports above. Press `Ctrl+D` to run the pasted query.

You're all set! Try [running some queries](/documentation/getting-started/queries) in the REPL.

</Accordion>

<Accordion title="Django (Python)">
To start you'll need a [Django](https://www.djangoproject.com/) project with [Psycopg](https://www.psycopg.org/) and [django-paradedb](https://pypi.org/project/django-paradedb/) installed. Run the following to create one:

```bash
python3 -m venv .venv
source .venv/bin/activate
pip install django psycopg django-paradedb==0.8.0
python3 -m django startproject myproject .
python3 manage.py startapp myapp
```

In `myproject/settings.py`, add `'django.contrib.postgres'` and `'myapp'` to `INSTALLED_APPS`. Then, configure `DATABASES["default"]` to point to Postgres:

```python myproject/settings.py
INSTALLED_APPS = [
    ...,
    'django.contrib.postgres',
    'myapp',
]

DATABASES = {
    "default": {
        "ENGINE": "django.db.backends.postgresql",
        "NAME": "mydatabase",
        "USER": "myuser",
        "PASSWORD": "mypassword",
        "HOST": "localhost",
        "PORT": "5432",
    }
}
```

We can now add a model for ParadeDB's built-in test table and BM25 index:

```python models.py
from django.db import models

from django.contrib.postgres.fields import IntegerRangeField
from paradedb.indexes import BM25Index
from paradedb.queryset import ParadeDBManager
from paradedb.search import Tokenizer


class MockItem(models.Model):
    description = models.TextField(null=True, blank=True)
    rating = models.IntegerField(null=True, blank=True)
    category = models.CharField(max_length=255, null=True, blank=True)
    in_stock = models.BooleanField(null=True, blank=True)
    metadata = models.JSONField(null=True, blank=True)
    created_at = models.DateTimeField(null=True, blank=True)
    last_updated_date = models.DateField(null=True, blank=True)
    latest_available_time = models.TimeField(null=True, blank=True)
    weight_range = IntegerRangeField(null=True, blank=True)

    objects = ParadeDBManager()

    class Meta:
        db_table = "mock_items"
        indexes = [
            BM25Index(
                fields={
                    "id": {},
                    "description": {"tokenizer": Tokenizer.unicode_words()},
                    "category": {"tokenizer": Tokenizer.literal()},
                    "rating": {},
                    "in_stock": {},
                    "metadata": {"json_fields": {"fast": True}},
                    "created_at": {},
                    "last_updated_date": {},
                    "latest_available_time": {},
                    "weight_range": {},
                },
                key_field="id",
                name="search_idx",
            ),
        ]
```

<Note>
  As a general rule of thumb, any columns that you want to filter, `GROUP BY`,
  `ORDER BY`, or aggregate as part of a full text query should be added to the
  index for faster performance.
</Note>

<Note>
  Note the mandatory `key_field` option. See [choosing a key
  field](/documentation/indexing/create-index#choosing-a-key-field) for more
  details.
</Note>

Run the migrations to create the table and index:

```bash
python3 manage.py makemigrations
python3 manage.py migrate
```

Now, open a Python shell with `python3 manage.py shell` and run the following command to populate `mock_items`.

```python
from django.db import connection

with connection.cursor() as cursor:
    cursor.execute("""
        CALL paradedb.create_bm25_test_table(
          schema_name => 'public',
          table_name  => 'mock_items_tmp'
        );
        INSERT INTO public.mock_items
        SELECT * FROM public.mock_items_tmp;
        DROP TABLE public.mock_items_tmp;
    """)
```

You're all set! Try [running some queries](/documentation/getting-started/queries) in your Python shell.

</Accordion>

<Accordion title="SQLAlchemy (Python)">
To get started, install [SQLAlchemy](https://www.sqlalchemy.org/), [Alembic](https://alembic.sqlalchemy.org/en/latest/), [Psycopg](https://www.psycopg.org/), and [sqlalchemy-paradedb](https://pypi.org/project/sqlalchemy-paradedb/).

```bash
python3 -m venv .venv
source .venv/bin/activate
pip install sqlalchemy psycopg alembic sqlalchemy-paradedb==0.6.0
```

Initialize Alembic:

```bash
alembic init migrations
```

Then update the Alembic configuration to point to your database:

```ini alembic.ini
sqlalchemy.url = postgresql+psycopg://myuser:mypassword@localhost:5432/mydatabase
```

ParadeDB comes with a built-in test table that we'll run our queries against. Create a `models.py` file with a model and search index for that table:

```python
from __future__ import annotations

from datetime import date, datetime, time
from typing import Any

from sqlalchemy import Boolean, Date, DateTime, Index, Integer, String, Text, Time
from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import INT4RANGE, JSONB, Range
from sqlalchemy.orm import DeclarativeBase, Mapped, mapped_column

from paradedb.sqlalchemy import indexing


class Base(DeclarativeBase):
    pass


class MockItem(Base):
    __tablename__ = "mock_items"

    id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(Integer, primary_key=True)
    description: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=True)
    rating: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(Integer, nullable=True)
    category: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(255), nullable=True)
    in_stock: Mapped[bool | None] = mapped_column(Boolean, nullable=True)
    metadata_: Mapped[dict[str, Any] | None] = mapped_column("metadata", JSONB, nullable=True)
    created_at: Mapped[datetime | None] = mapped_column(DateTime, nullable=True)
    last_updated_date: Mapped[date | None] = mapped_column(Date, nullable=True)
    latest_available_time: Mapped[time | None] = mapped_column(Time, nullable=True)
    weight_range: Mapped[Range[int] | None] = mapped_column(INT4RANGE, nullable=True)


Index(
    "search_idx",
    indexing.BM25Field(MockItem.id),
    indexing.BM25Field(MockItem.description),
    indexing.BM25Field(MockItem.category),
    indexing.BM25Field(MockItem.rating),
    indexing.BM25Field(MockItem.in_stock),
    indexing.BM25Field(MockItem.metadata_),
    indexing.BM25Field(MockItem.created_at),
    indexing.BM25Field(MockItem.last_updated_date),
    indexing.BM25Field(MockItem.latest_available_time),
    indexing.BM25Field(MockItem.weight_range),
    postgresql_using="bm25",
    postgresql_with={"key_field": "id"},
)
```

<Note>
  As a general rule of thumb, any columns that you want to filter, `GROUP BY`,
  `ORDER BY`, or aggregate as part of a full text query should be added to the
  index for faster performance.
</Note>

<Note>
  Note the mandatory `key_field` option. See [choosing a key
  field](/documentation/indexing/create-index#choosing-a-key-field) for more
  details.
</Note>

Copy this configuration into your `migrations/env.py`:

```python migrations/env.py
from logging.config import fileConfig

from sqlalchemy import engine_from_config, text
from sqlalchemy import pool

from alembic import context

# This import is required for autogenerated ParadeDB migrations
# to work properly.
import paradedb.sqlalchemy.alembic  # noqa: F401
from models import Base

config = context.config

if config.config_file_name is not None:
    fileConfig(config.config_file_name)

target_metadata = Base.metadata

# The ParadeDB Docker image comes pre-bundled with some popular
# extensions like PostGIS. PostGIS automatically creates a table
# called `spatial_ref_sys`. This tells Alembic not to drop it even
# though it isn't tracked in Alembic's metadata.
IGNORED_TABLES = {"spatial_ref_sys"}


def include_object(object, name, type_, reflected, compare_to):
    if type_ == "table" and reflected and name in IGNORED_TABLES:
        return False
    return True


def run_migrations_offline() -> None:
    url = config.get_main_option("sqlalchemy.url")
    context.configure(
        url=url,
        target_metadata=target_metadata,
        literal_binds=True,
        dialect_opts={"paramstyle": "named"},
    )

    with context.begin_transaction():
        context.run_migrations()


def run_migrations_online() -> None:
    connectable = engine_from_config(
        config.get_section(config.config_ini_section, {}),
        prefix="sqlalchemy.",
        poolclass=pool.NullPool,
    )

    with connectable.connect() as connection:
        # This prevents Alembic from modifying tables outside
        # of the `public` schema.
        connection.execute(text("SET search_path TO public"))
        connection.commit()
        context.configure(
            connection=connection,
            target_metadata=target_metadata,
            include_object=include_object,
        )

        with context.begin_transaction():
            context.run_migrations()


if context.is_offline_mode():
    run_migrations_offline()
else:
    run_migrations_online()
```

Next, add a migration to create the `mock_items` test table. Create a blank migration in `0001_create_mock_items_table.py` by running the following command:

```bash
alembic revision --rev-id 0001 -m "Create mock_items table"
```

Update the generated migration to create the table:

```python
def upgrade() -> None:
    """Upgrade schema."""
    op.execute(
        """
        CALL paradedb.create_bm25_test_table(
          schema_name => 'public',
          table_name => 'mock_items'
        )
        """
    )


def downgrade() -> None:
    """Downgrade schema."""
    op.execute("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS public.mock_items")
```

Then, run it with:

```bash
alembic upgrade head
```

Next, autogenerate a new migration to create the search index.

```bash
alembic revision --rev-id 0002 --autogenerate -m "Create search index on mock_items"
```

The generated migration should look like this:

```python 0002_add_mock_items_search_index.py
"""add mock_items search index

Revision ID: 0002
Revises: 0001
Create Date: 2026-04-07 13:56:45.304941

"""
from typing import Sequence, Union

from alembic import op
import sqlalchemy as sa


# revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
revision: str = '0002'
down_revision: Union[str, Sequence[str], None] = '0001'
branch_labels: Union[str, Sequence[str], None] = None
depends_on: Union[str, Sequence[str], None] = None


def upgrade() -> None:
    """Upgrade schema."""
    # ### commands auto generated by Alembic - please adjust! ###
    op.create_bm25_index('search_idx', 'mock_items', ['id', 'description', 'category', 'rating', 'in_stock', 'metadata', 'created_at', 'last_updated_date', 'latest_available_time', 'weight_range'], key_field='id', table_schema='public')
    # ### end Alembic commands ###


def downgrade() -> None:
    """Downgrade schema."""
    # ### commands auto generated by Alembic - please adjust! ###
    op.drop_bm25_index('search_idx', if_exists=True, schema='public')
    # ### end Alembic commands ###
```

Then run it with:

```bash
alembic upgrade head
```

Finally, run `python` and execute the following:

```python
from models import MockItem
from sqlalchemy import create_engine
engine = create_engine('postgresql+psycopg://myuser:mypassword@localhost:5432/mydatabase')
```

You're all set! Try [running some queries](/documentation/getting-started/queries) in your shell.

</Accordion>

<Accordion title="Rails (Ruby)">
To get started, create a [Rails](https://rubyonrails.org/) app that uses PostgreSQL.

```bash
rails new paradedb -d postgresql
cd paradedb
```

Add the [rails-paradedb](https://rubygems.org/gems/rails-paradedb) gem to your `Gemfile`:

```ruby Gemfile
gem "rails-paradedb", "0.7.0", require: "parade_db"
```

Then install it:

```bash
bundle install
```

Update `config/database.yml` to point to your ParadeDB database:

```yml config/database.yml
development:
  adapter: postgresql
  encoding: unicode
  database: mydatabase
  username: myuser
  password: mypassword
  host: localhost
  port: 5432
```

ParadeDB comes with a built-in test table that we'll run our queries against. Generate a migration to create it:

```bash
rails generate migration CreateMockItemsTable
```

Update the generated migration to create `mock_items`:

```ruby db/migrate/*_create_mock_items_table.rb
def up
  execute <<~SQL
    CALL paradedb.create_bm25_test_table(
      schema_name => 'public',
      table_name => 'mock_items'
    );
  SQL
end

def down
  drop_table :mock_items, if_exists: true
end
```

Next, create a model for the `mock_items` table in `app/models/mock_item.rb`:

```ruby app/models/mock_item.rb
class MockItem < ApplicationRecord
  include ParadeDB::Model

  self.table_name = "mock_items"
  self.primary_key = "id"
end
```

Then, create a search index for that table in `app/models/mock_item_index.rb`:

```ruby app/models/mock_item_index.rb
class MockItemIndex < ParadeDB::Index
  self.table_name = :mock_items
  self.key_field = :id
  self.index_name = :search_idx
  self.fields = {
    id: nil,
    description: nil,
    category: nil,
    rating: nil,
    in_stock: nil,
    metadata: nil,
    created_at: nil,
    last_updated_date: nil,
    latest_available_time: nil,
    weight_range: nil
  }
end
```

<Note>
  As a general rule of thumb, any columns that you want to filter, `GROUP BY`,
  `ORDER BY`, or aggregate as part of a full text query should be added to the
  index for faster performance.
</Note>

<Note>
  Note the mandatory `key_field` option. See [choosing a key
  field](/documentation/indexing/create-index#choosing-a-key-field) for more
  details.
</Note>

Generate a migration for the search index:

```bash
rails generate migration CreateMockItemsIndex
```

Update the generated migration to create the index:

```ruby db/migrate/*_create_mock_items_index.rb
def up
  create_paradedb_index(MockItemIndex, if_not_exists: true)
end

def down
  remove_bm25_index :mock_items, name: :search_idx, if_exists: true
end
```

Run the migrations:

```bash
rails db:migrate
```

You're all set! Open the Rails console and [run some queries](/documentation/getting-started/queries).

```bash
rails console
```

</Accordion>

<Accordion title="Entity Framework Core (C#)">
To get started, create a .NET project with [EF Core](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/ef/core/), [Npgsql.EntityFrameworkCore.PostgreSQL](https://www.nuget.org/packages/npgsql.entityframeworkcore.postgresql), and [ParadeDB.EntityFrameworkCore](https://www.nuget.org/packages/ParadeDB.EntityFrameworkCore) installed.

```bash
dotnet new console --framework net10.0
dotnet new tool-manifest
dotnet tool install dotnet-ef
dotnet add package Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Design
dotnet add package Npgsql.EntityFrameworkCore.PostgreSQL
dotnet add package ParadeDB.EntityFrameworkCore --version 0.1.0
```

<Note>
  This console app uses `OnConfiguring` to keep the example self-contained. In
  ASP.NET Core or another app with dependency injection, register ParadeDB
  through `UseNpgsql` in `Program.cs`:

```cs
builder.Services.AddDbContextPool<AppDbContext>(opt =>
{
    opt.UseNpgsql(
        builder.Configuration.GetConnectionString("AppDatabase"),
        o => o.UseParadeDb()
    );
});
```

</Note>

Replace `Program.cs` with a DbContext, model, and query scratchpad for ParadeDB's built-in test table:

```cs Program.cs
using System.Text.Json;
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
using NpgsqlTypes;
using ParadeDB.EntityFrameworkCore.Extensions;

await using var dbContext = new AppDbContext();

// Replace this with the query you want to run.
var results = await dbContext
    .MockItems.Where(item =>
        EF.Functions.MatchAny(item.Description, "running shoes") && item.Rating > 2
    )
    .OrderBy(item => item.Rating)
    .Select(item => new { item.Description, item.Rating, item.Category })
    .Take(5)
    .ToListAsync();

PrintResults(results);

static void PrintResults<T>(IReadOnlyList<T> rows)
{
  var properties = typeof(T).GetProperties();

  foreach (var property in properties)
  {
      Console.Write($"{property.Name,-24}");
  }

  Console.WriteLine();
  Console.WriteLine(new string('-', properties.Length * 24));

  foreach (var row in rows)
  {
      foreach (var property in properties)
      {
          var value = property.GetValue(row)?.ToString() ?? "";
          value = value.Length > 21 ? value[..21] + "..." : value;

          Console.Write($"{value,-24}");
      }

      Console.WriteLine();
  }
}

public sealed class AppDbContext : DbContext
{
    public DbSet<MockItem> MockItems => Set<MockItem>();

    protected override void OnConfiguring(DbContextOptionsBuilder options) =>
        options.UseNpgsql("Host=localhost;Port=5432;Database=mydatabase;Username=myuser;Password=mypassword", npgsql => npgsql.UseParadeDb());

    protected override void OnModelCreating(ModelBuilder modelBuilder)
    {
        modelBuilder.Entity<MockItem>(entity =>
        {
            entity.ToTable("mock_items");
            entity.HasKey(item => item.Id);

            entity.Property(item => item.Id).HasColumnName("id");
            entity.Property(item => item.Description).HasColumnName("description");
            entity.Property(item => item.Rating).HasColumnName("rating");
            entity.Property(item => item.Category).HasColumnName("category").HasColumnType("varchar(255)");
            entity.Property(item => item.InStock).HasColumnName("in_stock");
            entity.Property(item => item.Metadata).HasColumnName("metadata").HasColumnType("jsonb");
            entity.Property(item => item.CreatedAt).HasColumnName("created_at").HasColumnType("timestamp");
            entity.Property(item => item.LastUpdatedDate).HasColumnName("last_updated_date").HasColumnType("date");
            entity.Property(item => item.LatestAvailableTime).HasColumnName("latest_available_time").HasColumnType("time");
            entity.Property(item => item.WeightRange).HasColumnName("weight_range").HasColumnType("int4range");

            entity
                .HasBm25Index("search_idx", item => item.Id)
                .HasField(item => item.Description)
                .HasField(item => item.Category)
                .HasField(item => item.Rating)
                .HasField(item => item.InStock)
                .HasField(item => item.Metadata)
                .HasField(item => item.CreatedAt)
                .HasField(item => item.LastUpdatedDate)
                .HasField(item => item.LatestAvailableTime)
                .HasField(item => item.WeightRange);
        });
    }
}

public sealed class MockItem
{
    public int Id { get; set; }
    public string? Description { get; set; }
    public int? Rating { get; set; }
    public string? Category { get; set; }
    public bool? InStock { get; set; }
    public JsonDocument? Metadata { get; set; }
    public DateTime? CreatedAt { get; set; }
    public DateOnly? LastUpdatedDate { get; set; }
    public TimeOnly? LatestAvailableTime { get; set; }
    public NpgsqlRange<int>? WeightRange { get; set; }
}
```

<Note>
  As a general rule of thumb, any columns that you want to filter, `GROUP BY`,
  `ORDER BY`, or aggregate as part of a full text query should be added to the
  index for faster performance.
</Note>

<Note>
  Note the mandatory `key_field` option. See [choosing a key
  field](/documentation/indexing/create-index#choosing-a-key-field) for more
  details.
</Note>

Create the EF Core migration:

```bash
dotnet ef migrations add CreateMockItems
```

Open the generated migration in `Migrations/*_CreateMockItems.cs` and add this seed step to the end of the `Up` method:

```cs
migrationBuilder.Sql("""
    CALL paradedb.create_bm25_test_table(
      schema_name => 'public',
      table_name  => 'mock_items_tmp'
    );

    INSERT INTO public.mock_items
    SELECT * FROM public.mock_items_tmp;

    DROP TABLE public.mock_items_tmp;
    """);
```

Then apply the migration:

```bash
dotnet ef database update
```

This creates `mock_items`, the BM25 index, and loads the mock data. Now, run the query included in `Program.cs`:

```bash
dotnet run
```

You're all set! Try [running some queries](/documentation/getting-started/queries) by adding them to `Program.cs`.

</Accordion>