-- Strings. SELECT '""'::json; -- OK. json ------ "" (1 row) SELECT $$''$$::json; -- ERROR, single quotes are not allowed ERROR: invalid input syntax for type json LINE 1: SELECT $$''$$::json; ^ DETAIL: Token "'" is invalid. CONTEXT: JSON data, line 1: '... SELECT '"abc"'::json; -- OK json ------- "abc" (1 row) SELECT '"abc'::json; -- ERROR, quotes not closed ERROR: invalid input syntax for type json LINE 1: SELECT '"abc'::json; ^ DETAIL: Token ""abc" is invalid. CONTEXT: JSON data, line 1: "abc SELECT '"abc def"'::json; -- ERROR, unescaped newline in string constant ERROR: invalid input syntax for type json LINE 1: SELECT '"abc ^ DETAIL: Character with value 0x0a must be escaped. CONTEXT: JSON data, line 1: "abc SELECT '"\n\"\\"'::json; -- OK, legal escapes json ---------- "\n\"\\" (1 row) SELECT '"\v"'::json; -- ERROR, not a valid JSON escape ERROR: invalid input syntax for type json LINE 1: SELECT '"\v"'::json; ^ DETAIL: Escape sequence "\v" is invalid. CONTEXT: JSON data, line 1: "\v... SELECT '"\u"'::json; -- ERROR, incomplete escape ERROR: invalid input syntax for type json LINE 1: SELECT '"\u"'::json; ^ DETAIL: "\u" must be followed by four hexadecimal digits. CONTEXT: JSON data, line 1: "\u" SELECT '"\u00"'::json; -- ERROR, incomplete escape ERROR: invalid input syntax for type json LINE 1: SELECT '"\u00"'::json; ^ DETAIL: "\u" must be followed by four hexadecimal digits. CONTEXT: JSON data, line 1: "\u00" SELECT '"\u000g"'::json; -- ERROR, g is not a hex digit ERROR: invalid input syntax for type json LINE 1: SELECT '"\u000g"'::json; ^ DETAIL: "\u" must be followed by four hexadecimal digits. CONTEXT: JSON data, line 1: "\u000g... SELECT '"\u0000"'::json; -- OK, legal escape json ---------- "\u0000" (1 row) SELECT '"\uaBcD"'::json; -- OK, uppercase and lower case both OK json ---------- "\uaBcD" (1 row) -- Numbers. SELECT '1'::json; -- OK json ------ 1 (1 row) SELECT '0'::json; -- OK json ------ 0 (1 row) SELECT '01'::json; -- ERROR, not valid according to JSON spec ERROR: invalid input syntax for type json LINE 1: SELECT '01'::json; ^ DETAIL: Token "01" is invalid. CONTEXT: JSON data, line 1: 01 SELECT '0.1'::json; -- OK json ------ 0.1 (1 row) SELECT '9223372036854775808'::json; -- OK, even though it's too large for int8 json --------------------- 9223372036854775808 (1 row) SELECT '1e100'::json; -- OK json ------- 1e100 (1 row) SELECT '1.3e100'::json; -- OK json --------- 1.3e100 (1 row) SELECT '1f2'::json; -- ERROR ERROR: invalid input syntax for type json LINE 1: SELECT '1f2'::json; ^ DETAIL: Token "1f2" is invalid. CONTEXT: JSON data, line 1: 1f2 SELECT '0.x1'::json; -- ERROR ERROR: invalid input syntax for type json LINE 1: SELECT '0.x1'::json; ^ DETAIL: Token "0.x1" is invalid. CONTEXT: JSON data, line 1: 0.x1 SELECT '1.3ex100'::json; -- ERROR ERROR: invalid input syntax for type json LINE 1: SELECT '1.3ex100'::json; ^ DETAIL: Token "1.3ex100" is invalid. CONTEXT: JSON data, line 1: 1.3ex100 -- Arrays. SELECT '[]'::json; -- OK json ------ [] (1 row) SELECT '[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]'::json; -- OK json ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]] (1 row) SELECT '[1,2]'::json; -- OK json ------- [1,2] (1 row) SELECT '[1,2,]'::json; -- ERROR, trailing comma ERROR: invalid input syntax for type json LINE 1: SELECT '[1,2,]'::json; ^ DETAIL: Expected JSON value, but found "]". CONTEXT: JSON data, line 1: [1,2,] SELECT '[1,2'::json; -- ERROR, no closing bracket ERROR: invalid input syntax for type json LINE 1: SELECT '[1,2'::json; ^ DETAIL: The input string ended unexpectedly. CONTEXT: JSON data, line 1: [1,2 SELECT '[1,[2]'::json; -- ERROR, no closing bracket ERROR: invalid input syntax for type json LINE 1: SELECT '[1,[2]'::json; ^ DETAIL: The input string ended unexpectedly. CONTEXT: JSON data, line 1: [1,[2] -- Objects. SELECT '{}'::json; -- OK json ------ {} (1 row) SELECT '{"abc"}'::json; -- ERROR, no value ERROR: invalid input syntax for type json LINE 1: SELECT '{"abc"}'::json; ^ DETAIL: Expected ":", but found "}". CONTEXT: JSON data, line 1: {"abc"} SELECT '{"abc":1}'::json; -- OK json ----------- {"abc":1} (1 row) SELECT '{1:"abc"}'::json; -- ERROR, keys must be strings ERROR: invalid input syntax for type json LINE 1: SELECT '{1:"abc"}'::json; ^ DETAIL: Expected string or "}", but found "1". CONTEXT: JSON data, line 1: {1... SELECT '{"abc",1}'::json; -- ERROR, wrong separator ERROR: invalid input syntax for type json LINE 1: SELECT '{"abc",1}'::json; ^ DETAIL: Expected ":", but found ",". CONTEXT: JSON data, line 1: {"abc",... SELECT '{"abc"=1}'::json; -- ERROR, totally wrong separator ERROR: invalid input syntax for type json LINE 1: SELECT '{"abc"=1}'::json; ^ DETAIL: Token "=" is invalid. CONTEXT: JSON data, line 1: {"abc"=... SELECT '{"abc"::1}'::json; -- ERROR, another wrong separator ERROR: invalid input syntax for type json LINE 1: SELECT '{"abc"::1}'::json; ^ DETAIL: Expected JSON value, but found ":". CONTEXT: JSON data, line 1: {"abc"::... SELECT '{"abc":1,"def":2,"ghi":[3,4],"hij":{"klm":5,"nop":[6]}}'::json; -- OK json --------------------------------------------------------- {"abc":1,"def":2,"ghi":[3,4],"hij":{"klm":5,"nop":[6]}} (1 row) SELECT '{"abc":1:2}'::json; -- ERROR, colon in wrong spot ERROR: invalid input syntax for type json LINE 1: SELECT '{"abc":1:2}'::json; ^ DETAIL: Expected "," or "}", but found ":". CONTEXT: JSON data, line 1: {"abc":1:... SELECT '{"abc":1,3}'::json; -- ERROR, no value ERROR: invalid input syntax for type json LINE 1: SELECT '{"abc":1,3}'::json; ^ DETAIL: Expected string, but found "3". CONTEXT: JSON data, line 1: {"abc":1,3... -- Miscellaneous stuff. SELECT 'true'::json; -- OK json ------ true (1 row) SELECT 'false'::json; -- OK json ------- false (1 row) SELECT 'null'::json; -- OK json ------ null (1 row) SELECT ' true '::json; -- OK, even with extra whitespace json -------- true (1 row) SELECT 'true false'::json; -- ERROR, too many values ERROR: invalid input syntax for type json LINE 1: SELECT 'true false'::json; ^ DETAIL: Expected end of input, but found "false". CONTEXT: JSON data, line 1: true false SELECT 'true, false'::json; -- ERROR, too many values ERROR: invalid input syntax for type json LINE 1: SELECT 'true, false'::json; ^ DETAIL: Expected end of input, but found ",". CONTEXT: JSON data, line 1: true,... SELECT 'truf'::json; -- ERROR, not a keyword ERROR: invalid input syntax for type json LINE 1: SELECT 'truf'::json; ^ DETAIL: Token "truf" is invalid. CONTEXT: JSON data, line 1: truf SELECT 'trues'::json; -- ERROR, not a keyword ERROR: invalid input syntax for type json LINE 1: SELECT 'trues'::json; ^ DETAIL: Token "trues" is invalid. CONTEXT: JSON data, line 1: trues SELECT ''::json; -- ERROR, no value ERROR: invalid input syntax for type json LINE 1: SELECT ''::json; ^ DETAIL: The input string ended unexpectedly. CONTEXT: JSON data, line 1: SELECT ' '::json; -- ERROR, no value ERROR: invalid input syntax for type json LINE 1: SELECT ' '::json; ^ DETAIL: The input string ended unexpectedly. CONTEXT: JSON data, line 1: --constructors -- array_to_json SELECT array_to_json(array(select 1 as a)); array_to_json --------------- [1] (1 row) SELECT array_to_json(array_agg(q),false) from (select x as b, x * 2 as c from generate_series(1,3) x) q; array_to_json --------------------------------------------- [{"b":1,"c":2},{"b":2,"c":4},{"b":3,"c":6}] (1 row) SELECT array_to_json(array_agg(q),true) from (select x as b, x * 2 as c from generate_series(1,3) x) q; array_to_json ----------------- [{"b":1,"c":2},+ {"b":2,"c":4},+ {"b":3,"c":6}] (1 row) SELECT array_to_json(array_agg(q),false) FROM ( SELECT $$a$$ || x AS b, y AS c, ARRAY[ROW(x.*,ARRAY[1,2,3]), ROW(y.*,ARRAY[4,5,6])] AS z FROM generate_series(1,2) x, generate_series(4,5) y) q; array_to_json ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [{"b":"a1","c":4,"z":[{"f1":1,"f2":[1,2,3]},{"f1":4,"f2":[4,5,6]}]},{"b":"a1","c":5,"z":[{"f1":1,"f2":[1,2,3]},{"f1":5,"f2":[4,5,6]}]},{"b":"a2","c":4,"z":[{"f1":2,"f2":[1,2,3]},{"f1":4,"f2":[4,5,6]}]},{"b":"a2","c":5,"z":[{"f1":2,"f2":[1,2,3]},{"f1":5,"f2":[4,5,6]}]}] (1 row) SELECT array_to_json(array_agg(x),false) from generate_series(5,10) x; array_to_json ---------------- [5,6,7,8,9,10] (1 row) SELECT array_to_json('{{1,5},{99,100}}'::int[]); array_to_json ------------------ [[1,5],[99,100]] (1 row) -- row_to_json SELECT row_to_json(row(1,'foo')); row_to_json --------------------- {"f1":1,"f2":"foo"} (1 row) SELECT row_to_json(q) FROM (SELECT $$a$$ || x AS b, y AS c, ARRAY[ROW(x.*,ARRAY[1,2,3]), ROW(y.*,ARRAY[4,5,6])] AS z FROM generate_series(1,2) x, generate_series(4,5) y) q; row_to_json -------------------------------------------------------------------- {"b":"a1","c":4,"z":[{"f1":1,"f2":[1,2,3]},{"f1":4,"f2":[4,5,6]}]} {"b":"a1","c":5,"z":[{"f1":1,"f2":[1,2,3]},{"f1":5,"f2":[4,5,6]}]} {"b":"a2","c":4,"z":[{"f1":2,"f2":[1,2,3]},{"f1":4,"f2":[4,5,6]}]} {"b":"a2","c":5,"z":[{"f1":2,"f2":[1,2,3]},{"f1":5,"f2":[4,5,6]}]} (4 rows) SELECT row_to_json(q,true) FROM (SELECT $$a$$ || x AS b, y AS c, ARRAY[ROW(x.*,ARRAY[1,2,3]), ROW(y.*,ARRAY[4,5,6])] AS z FROM generate_series(1,2) x, generate_series(4,5) y) q; row_to_json ----------------------------------------------------- {"b":"a1", + "c":4, + "z":[{"f1":1,"f2":[1,2,3]},{"f1":4,"f2":[4,5,6]}]} {"b":"a1", + "c":5, + "z":[{"f1":1,"f2":[1,2,3]},{"f1":5,"f2":[4,5,6]}]} {"b":"a2", + "c":4, + "z":[{"f1":2,"f2":[1,2,3]},{"f1":4,"f2":[4,5,6]}]} {"b":"a2", + "c":5, + "z":[{"f1":2,"f2":[1,2,3]},{"f1":5,"f2":[4,5,6]}]} (4 rows) CREATE TEMP TABLE rows AS SELECT x, 'txt' || x as y FROM generate_series(1,3) AS x; SELECT row_to_json(q,true) FROM rows q; row_to_json -------------- {"x":1, + "y":"txt1"} {"x":2, + "y":"txt2"} {"x":3, + "y":"txt3"} (3 rows) SELECT row_to_json(row((select array_agg(x) as d from generate_series(5,10) x)),false); row_to_json ----------------------- {"f1":[5,6,7,8,9,10]} (1 row) --json_agg SELECT json_agg(q) FROM ( SELECT $$a$$ || x AS b, y AS c, ARRAY[ROW(x.*,ARRAY[1,2,3]), ROW(y.*,ARRAY[4,5,6])] AS z FROM generate_series(1,2) x, generate_series(4,5) y) q; json_agg ----------------------------------------------------------------------- [{"b":"a1","c":4,"z":[{"f1":1,"f2":[1,2,3]},{"f1":4,"f2":[4,5,6]}]}, + {"b":"a1","c":5,"z":[{"f1":1,"f2":[1,2,3]},{"f1":5,"f2":[4,5,6]}]}, + {"b":"a2","c":4,"z":[{"f1":2,"f2":[1,2,3]},{"f1":4,"f2":[4,5,6]}]}, + {"b":"a2","c":5,"z":[{"f1":2,"f2":[1,2,3]},{"f1":5,"f2":[4,5,6]}]}] (1 row) SELECT json_agg(q) FROM rows q; json_agg ----------------------- [{"x":1,"y":"txt1"}, + {"x":2,"y":"txt2"}, + {"x":3,"y":"txt3"}] (1 row) -- non-numeric output SELECT row_to_json(q) FROM (SELECT 'NaN'::float8 AS "float8field") q; row_to_json ----------------------- {"float8field":"NaN"} (1 row) SELECT row_to_json(q) FROM (SELECT 'Infinity'::float8 AS "float8field") q; row_to_json ---------------------------- {"float8field":"Infinity"} (1 row) SELECT row_to_json(q) FROM (SELECT '-Infinity'::float8 AS "float8field") q; row_to_json ----------------------------- {"float8field":"-Infinity"} (1 row) -- json input SELECT row_to_json(q) FROM (SELECT '{"a":1,"b": [2,3,4,"d","e","f"],"c":{"p":1,"q":2}}'::json AS "jsonfield") q; row_to_json ------------------------------------------------------------------ {"jsonfield":{"a":1,"b": [2,3,4,"d","e","f"],"c":{"p":1,"q":2}}} (1 row) -- json extraction functions CREATE TEMP TABLE test_json ( json_type text, test_json json ); INSERT INTO test_json VALUES ('scalar','"a scalar"'), ('array','["zero", "one","two",null,"four","five"]'), ('object','{"field1":"val1","field2":"val2","field3":null}'); SELECT test_json -> 'x' FROM test_json WHERE json_type = 'scalar'; ERROR: cannot extract element from a scalar SELECT test_json -> 'x' FROM test_json WHERE json_type = 'array'; ERROR: cannot extract field from a non-object SELECT test_json -> 'x' FROM test_json WHERE json_type = 'object'; ?column? ---------- (1 row) SELECT test_json->'field2' FROM test_json WHERE json_type = 'object'; ?column? ---------- "val2" (1 row) SELECT test_json->>'field2' FROM test_json WHERE json_type = 'object'; ?column? ---------- val2 (1 row) SELECT test_json -> 2 FROM test_json WHERE json_type = 'scalar'; ERROR: cannot extract element from a scalar SELECT test_json -> 2 FROM test_json WHERE json_type = 'array'; ?column? ---------- "two" (1 row) SELECT test_json -> 2 FROM test_json WHERE json_type = 'object'; ERROR: cannot extract array element from a non-array SELECT test_json->>2 FROM test_json WHERE json_type = 'array'; ?column? ---------- two (1 row) SELECT json_object_keys(test_json) FROM test_json WHERE json_type = 'scalar'; ERROR: cannot call json_object_keys on a scalar SELECT json_object_keys(test_json) FROM test_json WHERE json_type = 'array'; ERROR: cannot call json_object_keys on an array SELECT json_object_keys(test_json) FROM test_json WHERE json_type = 'object'; json_object_keys ------------------ field1 field2 field3 (3 rows) -- nulls select (test_json->'field3') is null as expect_false from test_json where json_type = 'object'; expect_false -------------- f (1 row) select (test_json->>'field3') is null as expect_true from test_json where json_type = 'object'; expect_true ------------- t (1 row) select (test_json->3) is null as expect_false from test_json where json_type = 'array'; expect_false -------------- f (1 row) select (test_json->>3) is null as expect_true from test_json where json_type = 'array'; expect_true ------------- t (1 row) -- array length SELECT json_array_length('[1,2,3,{"f1":1,"f2":[5,6]},4]'); json_array_length ------------------- 5 (1 row) SELECT json_array_length('[]'); json_array_length ------------------- 0 (1 row) SELECT json_array_length('{"f1":1,"f2":[5,6]}'); ERROR: cannot get array length of a non-array SELECT json_array_length('4'); ERROR: cannot get array length of a scalar -- each select json_each('{"f1":[1,2,3],"f2":{"f3":1},"f4":null}'); json_each ------------------- (f1,"[1,2,3]") (f2,"{""f3"":1}") (f4,null) (3 rows) select * from json_each('{"f1":[1,2,3],"f2":{"f3":1},"f4":null,"f5":99,"f6":"stringy"}') q; key | value -----+----------- f1 | [1,2,3] f2 | {"f3":1} f4 | null f5 | 99 f6 | "stringy" (5 rows) select json_each_text('{"f1":[1,2,3],"f2":{"f3":1},"f4":null,"f5":"null"}'); json_each_text ------------------- (f1,"[1,2,3]") (f2,"{""f3"":1}") (f4,) (f5,null) (4 rows) select * from json_each_text('{"f1":[1,2,3],"f2":{"f3":1},"f4":null,"f5":99,"f6":"stringy"}') q; key | value -----+---------- f1 | [1,2,3] f2 | {"f3":1} f4 | f5 | 99 f6 | stringy (5 rows) -- extract_path, extract_path_as_text select json_extract_path('{"f2":{"f3":1},"f4":{"f5":99,"f6":"stringy"}}','f4','f6'); json_extract_path ------------------- "stringy" (1 row) select json_extract_path('{"f2":{"f3":1},"f4":{"f5":99,"f6":"stringy"}}','f2'); json_extract_path ------------------- {"f3":1} (1 row) select json_extract_path('{"f2":["f3",1],"f4":{"f5":99,"f6":"stringy"}}','f2',0::text); json_extract_path ------------------- "f3" (1 row) select json_extract_path('{"f2":["f3",1],"f4":{"f5":99,"f6":"stringy"}}','f2',1::text); json_extract_path ------------------- 1 (1 row) select json_extract_path_text('{"f2":{"f3":1},"f4":{"f5":99,"f6":"stringy"}}','f4','f6'); json_extract_path_text ------------------------ stringy (1 row) select json_extract_path_text('{"f2":{"f3":1},"f4":{"f5":99,"f6":"stringy"}}','f2'); json_extract_path_text ------------------------ {"f3":1} (1 row) select json_extract_path_text('{"f2":["f3",1],"f4":{"f5":99,"f6":"stringy"}}','f2',0::text); json_extract_path_text ------------------------ f3 (1 row) select json_extract_path_text('{"f2":["f3",1],"f4":{"f5":99,"f6":"stringy"}}','f2',1::text); json_extract_path_text ------------------------ 1 (1 row) -- extract_path nulls select json_extract_path('{"f2":{"f3":1},"f4":{"f5":null,"f6":"stringy"}}','f4','f5') is null as expect_false; expect_false -------------- f (1 row) select json_extract_path_text('{"f2":{"f3":1},"f4":{"f5":null,"f6":"stringy"}}','f4','f5') is null as expect_true; expect_true ------------- t (1 row) select json_extract_path('{"f2":{"f3":1},"f4":[0,1,2,null]}','f4','3') is null as expect_false; expect_false -------------- f (1 row) select json_extract_path_text('{"f2":{"f3":1},"f4":[0,1,2,null]}','f4','3') is null as expect_true; expect_true ------------- t (1 row) -- extract_path operators select '{"f2":{"f3":1},"f4":{"f5":99,"f6":"stringy"}}'::json#>array['f4','f6']; ?column? ----------- "stringy" (1 row) select '{"f2":{"f3":1},"f4":{"f5":99,"f6":"stringy"}}'::json#>array['f2']; ?column? ---------- {"f3":1} (1 row) select '{"f2":["f3",1],"f4":{"f5":99,"f6":"stringy"}}'::json#>array['f2','0']; ?column? ---------- "f3" (1 row) select '{"f2":["f3",1],"f4":{"f5":99,"f6":"stringy"}}'::json#>array['f2','1']; ?column? ---------- 1 (1 row) select '{"f2":{"f3":1},"f4":{"f5":99,"f6":"stringy"}}'::json#>>array['f4','f6']; ?column? ---------- stringy (1 row) select '{"f2":{"f3":1},"f4":{"f5":99,"f6":"stringy"}}'::json#>>array['f2']; ?column? ---------- {"f3":1} (1 row) select '{"f2":["f3",1],"f4":{"f5":99,"f6":"stringy"}}'::json#>>array['f2','0']; ?column? ---------- f3 (1 row) select '{"f2":["f3",1],"f4":{"f5":99,"f6":"stringy"}}'::json#>>array['f2','1']; ?column? ---------- 1 (1 row) -- same using array literals select '{"f2":{"f3":1},"f4":{"f5":99,"f6":"stringy"}}'::json#>'{f4,f6}'; ?column? ----------- "stringy" (1 row) select '{"f2":{"f3":1},"f4":{"f5":99,"f6":"stringy"}}'::json#>'{f2}'; ?column? ---------- {"f3":1} (1 row) select '{"f2":["f3",1],"f4":{"f5":99,"f6":"stringy"}}'::json#>'{f2,0}'; ?column? ---------- "f3" (1 row) select '{"f2":["f3",1],"f4":{"f5":99,"f6":"stringy"}}'::json#>'{f2,1}'; ?column? ---------- 1 (1 row) select '{"f2":{"f3":1},"f4":{"f5":99,"f6":"stringy"}}'::json#>>'{f4,f6}'; ?column? ---------- stringy (1 row) select '{"f2":{"f3":1},"f4":{"f5":99,"f6":"stringy"}}'::json#>>'{f2}'; ?column? ---------- {"f3":1} (1 row) select '{"f2":["f3",1],"f4":{"f5":99,"f6":"stringy"}}'::json#>>'{f2,0}'; ?column? ---------- f3 (1 row) select '{"f2":["f3",1],"f4":{"f5":99,"f6":"stringy"}}'::json#>>'{f2,1}'; ?column? ---------- 1 (1 row) -- array_elements select json_array_elements('[1,true,[1,[2,3]],null,{"f1":1,"f2":[7,8,9]},false]'); json_array_elements ----------------------- 1 true [1,[2,3]] null {"f1":1,"f2":[7,8,9]} false (6 rows) select * from json_array_elements('[1,true,[1,[2,3]],null,{"f1":1,"f2":[7,8,9]},false]') q; value ----------------------- 1 true [1,[2,3]] null {"f1":1,"f2":[7,8,9]} false (6 rows) -- populate_record create type jpop as (a text, b int, c timestamp); select * from json_populate_record(null::jpop,'{"a":"blurfl","x":43.2}') q; a | b | c --------+---+--- blurfl | | (1 row) select * from json_populate_record(row('x',3,'2012-12-31 15:30:56')::jpop,'{"a":"blurfl","x":43.2}') q; a | b | c --------+---+-------------------------- blurfl | 3 | Mon Dec 31 15:30:56 2012 (1 row) select * from json_populate_record(null::jpop,'{"a":"blurfl","x":43.2}', true) q; a | b | c --------+---+--- blurfl | | (1 row) select * from json_populate_record(row('x',3,'2012-12-31 15:30:56')::jpop,'{"a":"blurfl","x":43.2}', true) q; a | b | c --------+---+-------------------------- blurfl | 3 | Mon Dec 31 15:30:56 2012 (1 row) select * from json_populate_record(null::jpop,'{"a":[100,200,false],"x":43.2}', true) q; a | b | c -----------------+---+--- [100,200,false] | | (1 row) select * from json_populate_record(row('x',3,'2012-12-31 15:30:56')::jpop,'{"a":[100,200,false],"x":43.2}', true) q; a | b | c -----------------+---+-------------------------- [100,200,false] | 3 | Mon Dec 31 15:30:56 2012 (1 row) select * from json_populate_record(row('x',3,'2012-12-31 15:30:56')::jpop,'{"c":[100,200,false],"x":43.2}', true) q; ERROR: invalid input syntax for type timestamp: "[100,200,false]" -- populate_recordset select * from json_populate_recordset(null::jpop,'[{"a":"blurfl","x":43.2},{"b":3,"c":"2012-01-20 10:42:53"}]',false) q; a | b | c --------+---+-------------------------- blurfl | | | 3 | Fri Jan 20 10:42:53 2012 (2 rows) select * from json_populate_recordset(row('def',99,null)::jpop,'[{"a":"blurfl","x":43.2},{"b":3,"c":"2012-01-20 10:42:53"}]',false) q; a | b | c --------+----+-------------------------- blurfl | 99 | def | 3 | Fri Jan 20 10:42:53 2012 (2 rows) select * from json_populate_recordset(null::jpop,'[{"a":"blurfl","x":43.2},{"b":3,"c":"2012-01-20 10:42:53"}]',true) q; a | b | c --------+---+-------------------------- blurfl | | | 3 | Fri Jan 20 10:42:53 2012 (2 rows) select * from json_populate_recordset(row('def',99,null)::jpop,'[{"a":"blurfl","x":43.2},{"b":3,"c":"2012-01-20 10:42:53"}]',true) q; a | b | c --------+----+-------------------------- blurfl | 99 | def | 3 | Fri Jan 20 10:42:53 2012 (2 rows) select * from json_populate_recordset(row('def',99,null)::jpop,'[{"a":[100,200,300],"x":43.2},{"a":{"z":true},"b":3,"c":"2012-01-20 10:42:53"}]',true) q; a | b | c ---------------+----+-------------------------- [100,200,300] | 99 | {"z":true} | 3 | Fri Jan 20 10:42:53 2012 (2 rows) select * from json_populate_recordset(row('def',99,null)::jpop,'[{"c":[100,200,300],"x":43.2},{"a":{"z":true},"b":3,"c":"2012-01-20 10:42:53"}]',true) q; ERROR: invalid input syntax for type timestamp: "[100,200,300]" create type jpop2 as (a int, b json, c int, d int); select * from json_populate_recordset(null::jpop2, '[{"a":2,"c":3,"b":{"z":4},"d":6}]',true) q; a | b | c | d ---+---------+---+--- 2 | {"z":4} | 3 | 6 (1 row) -- using the default use_json_as_text argument select * from json_populate_recordset(null::jpop,'[{"a":"blurfl","x":43.2},{"b":3,"c":"2012-01-20 10:42:53"}]') q; a | b | c --------+---+-------------------------- blurfl | | | 3 | Fri Jan 20 10:42:53 2012 (2 rows) select * from json_populate_recordset(row('def',99,null)::jpop,'[{"a":"blurfl","x":43.2},{"b":3,"c":"2012-01-20 10:42:53"}]') q; a | b | c --------+----+-------------------------- blurfl | 99 | def | 3 | Fri Jan 20 10:42:53 2012 (2 rows) select * from json_populate_recordset(row('def',99,null)::jpop,'[{"a":[100,200,300],"x":43.2},{"a":{"z":true},"b":3,"c":"2012-01-20 10:42:53"}]') q; ERROR: cannot call json_populate_recordset on a nested object select * from json_populate_recordset(row('def',99,null)::jpop,'[{"c":[100,200,300],"x":43.2},{"a":{"z":true},"b":3,"c":"2012-01-20 10:42:53"}]') q; ERROR: cannot call json_populate_recordset on a nested object -- handling of unicode surrogate pairs select json '{ "a": "\ud83d\ude04\ud83d\udc36" }' -> 'a' as correct_in_utf8; ERROR: invalid input syntax for type json DETAIL: Unicode escape values cannot be used for code point values above 007F when the server encoding is not UTF8. CONTEXT: JSON data, line 1: { "a":... select json '{ "a": "\ud83d\ud83d" }' -> 'a'; -- 2 high surrogates in a row ERROR: invalid input syntax for type json DETAIL: Unicode high surrogate must not follow a high surrogate. CONTEXT: JSON data, line 1: { "a":... select json '{ "a": "\ude04\ud83d" }' -> 'a'; -- surrogates in wrong order ERROR: invalid input syntax for type json DETAIL: Unicode low surrogate must follow a high surrogate. CONTEXT: JSON data, line 1: { "a":... select json '{ "a": "\ud83dX" }' -> 'a'; -- orphan high surrogate ERROR: invalid input syntax for type json DETAIL: Unicode low surrogate must follow a high surrogate. CONTEXT: JSON data, line 1: { "a":... select json '{ "a": "\ude04X" }' -> 'a'; -- orphan low surrogate ERROR: invalid input syntax for type json DETAIL: Unicode low surrogate must follow a high surrogate. CONTEXT: JSON data, line 1: { "a":... --handling of simple unicode escapes select json '{ "a": "the Copyright \u00a9 sign" }' ->> 'a' as correct_in_utf8; ERROR: invalid input syntax for type json DETAIL: Unicode escape values cannot be used for code point values above 007F when the server encoding is not UTF8. CONTEXT: JSON data, line 1: { "a":... select json '{ "a": "dollar \u0024 character" }' ->> 'a' as correct_everywhere; correct_everywhere -------------------- dollar $ character (1 row) select json '{ "a": "null \u0000 escape" }' ->> 'a' as not_unescaped; not_unescaped -------------------- null \u0000 escape (1 row)